| Criminal
Recidivism - Statistics |
|
GORSKI-CENAPS
Web Publications
Training
& Consultation --- Books,
Audio, & Video Tapes
www.tgorski.com
----- www.cenaps.com ----- www.relapse.org
Gorski-CENAPS, 17900 Dixie Hwy, Homewood, IL 60430, 708-799-5000
Posted
On: December 12,
2002 Updated
On: December 12, 2002
© Terence T. Gorski, 2001 |
Number of
Incarcerated Prisoners
| Tuesday, July 30,
2002 |
202/307-0784 |
STATE
PRISON POPULATION DROPS IN SECOND HALF OF 2001
FEDERAL INMATE GROWTH CONTINUES
During 2001, the nation’s prison population rose at the lowest rate
since 1972 and had the smallest absolute increase since 1979, the
Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) announced
today. Overall, the number of prisoners in state prisons increased by
3,193 men and women (up 0.3 percent) last year, while the federal prison
system added 11,577 inmates (up 8.0 percent). During the last six months
of 2001 the state prison population fell by 3,705 men and women (down
0.3 percent), while the federal prison system added 4,205 inmates (up
2.8 percent).
As of December 31, 2001, there were 2,100,146
United States residents incarcerated in the following facilities:
| State
and Federal Prisons |
1,324,465 |
1 |
| Local
Jails |
631,240 |
|
| Juvenile
Detention Facilities |
108,965 |
2 |
| U.S.
Territorial Prisons |
15,852 |
|
| U.S.
Immigration and Naturalization facilities |
8,761 |
|
| Armed
Services (Military) Prisons |
2,436 |
|
| Indian
Country Jails |
1,912 |
|
1
Excludes inmates in local jails held for federal and state
authorities
2 As of October 1999 |
Since 1995, the number of male state and federal prisoners has grown
24 percent, reaching 1,313,000 in 2001, whereas the number of female
prisoners has increased 36 percent, reaching 93,031, or 6.6 percent of
all state and federal prisoners.
The largest growth in state inmates between 1990 and 2000 was among
violent offenders. During the decade the number of violent offenders
grew 273,200. As a percentage of the total growth in this time period,
violent offenders accounted for 53 percent.
Prisoners sentenced for drug offenses constituted the largest group
of Federal inmates, 57 percent, in 2000. In addition, between 1990 and
2000, the number of Federal inmates held for weapons offenses increased
247 percent.
The bulletin, "Prisoners in 2001" (NCJ-195189), was written
by BJS statisticians Allen J. Beck and Paige M. Harrison. The bulletin
provides further numerous details on federal and state prisoner
statistics. Single copies may be obtained by calling the BJS
Clearinghouse at 1-800-732-3277. In addition, this document can be
accessed at:
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/p01.htm
On December
31, 2001 ...
-- 1,962,220
prisoners were held in Federal or State prisons or in local jails --
the total increased 1.3% from yearend 2000, less than the average
annual growth of 3.6% since yearend 1995.
-- there were
an estimated 470 prison inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents -- up from
292 at yearend 1990.
-- the number
of women under the jurisdiction of State or Federal prison authorities
decreased -0.2% from December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001, reaching
93,031. The number of men rose 1.2%, totaling 1,313,000 at yearend.
At yearend 2001
...
-- there were
3,535 sentenced black male prisoners per 100,000 black males in the
United States, compared to 1,177 sentenced Hispanic male inmates per
100,000 Hispanic males and 462 white male inmates per 100,000 white
males.
Between 1990
and 2000 ...
-- the
increasing number of violent offenders accounted for 53% of the total
growth of the State prison population; 20% of the total growth was
attributable to the increasing number of drug offenders.
| Most
serious offense |
Percent
of sentenced State inmates |
| 1990 |
2000 |
| Total |
100 |
% |
100 |
% |
| Violent |
46 |
|
49 |
|
| Property |
25 |
|
20 |
|
| Drug |
22 |
|
21 |
|
| Public-order |
7 |
|
10 |
|
Studies On Recidivism
Two studies come
closest to providing "national" recidivism rates for the
United States. One tracked 108,580 State prisoners released from prison
in 11 States in 1983. The other tracked 272,111 prisoners released from
prison in 15 States in 1994. The prisoners tracked in these studies
represent two-thirds of all the prisoners released in the United States
for that year.
Rearrest within 3 years
 | 67.5% of
prisoners released in 1994 were rearrested within 3 years, an
increase over the 62.5% found for those released in 1983
 | The rearrest
rate for property offenders, drug offenders, and public-order
offenders increased significantly from 1983 to 1994. During that
time, the rearrest rate increased:
- - from
68.1% to 73.8% for property offenders
- - from
50.4% to 66.7% for drug offenders
- - from
54.6% to 62.2% for public-order offenders
 | The rearrest
rate for violent offenders remained relatively stable (59.6% in 1983
compared to 61.7% in 1994). |
| |
Reconviction within 3
years
 | Overall,
reconviction rates did not change significantly from 1983 to 1994.
Among, prisoners released in 1983, 46.8% were reconvicted within 3
years compared to 46.9% among those released in 1994. From 1983 to
1994, reconviction rates remained stable for released:
- - violent
offenders (41.9% and 39.9%, respectively)
- - property
offenders (53.0% and 53.4%)
- -
public-order offenders (41.5% and 42.0%)
 | Among drug
offenders, the rate of reconviction increased significantly, going
from 35.3% in 1983 to 47.0% in 1994. |
|
Returned to prison within
3 years
 | The 1994
recidivism study estimated that within 3 years, 51.8% of prisoners
released during the year were back in prison either because of a new
crime for which they received another prison sentence, or because of
a technical violation of their parole. This rate was not calculated
in the 1983 study. |
BJS Sources:
Recidivism
of Prisoners Released in 1983, April, 1989
Recidivism
of Prisoners Released in 1994, June, 2002.
http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/reentry/recidivism.htm
|
|

|
GORSKI-CENAPS
Books - www.relapse.org
1-800-767-8181
Addiction
- A Biopsychosocial Model
Denial
Management Counseling (DMC)
Relapse
Prevention Counseling (RPC)
Relapse
Prevention Therapy (RPT)
Addiction-Free
Pain Management (APM)
Food
Addiction |
 |
|
Training
& Consultation: www.tgorski.com,
www.cenaps.com, www.relapse.org
Gorski-CENAPS, 17900 Dixie Hwy, Homewood, IL 60430, 708-799-5000 |
|
Meet The
GORSKI-CENAPS TEAM
Tresa Watson ----- Steve
Grinstead ----- Arthur
Trundy |
|